律宏長鏡頭 | 美國侵權法下:故意惹(rě)我,也算侵權!

發布時間:2024-05-31 11:20:23


IIED

 

 Intentional Infliction of Emotional Distress

故意導致受害人的(de)情緒困擾(rǎo)

 

The key testable elements for intentional infliction of emotional distress (“IIED”) are:

I. An act by the defendant amounting to extreme and outrageous conduct;

II. The plaintiff must suffer severe emotional distress, but physical injury is not required.

 

 IIED構成要件是:

l.  被告(gào)的行為到達了極端且駭人的程度;

lI.  原告遭受了嚴重的情緒困擾, 但是並(bìng)不要求身體上的傷害。

 

Extreme and Outrageous Conduct 

極端且駭人的行為

 

Extreme and outrageous conduct refers to the conduct that is continuous in nature, that is committed by a certain type of defendant (common carriers or innkeepers may be liable even for mere gross insults), or that is directed toward a certain type of plaintiff (children, elderly persons, someone who is pregnant, supersensitive adults if the sensitivities are known to defendant).

 

極端且駭人的行為是指該(gāi)行(háng)為本身具有持續性,由特定類型的被告實(shí)施(普通承運人或旅店老板對無禮的辱罵承擔(dān)責任),或直接針對特定類型的原(yuán)告(兒童、老人、孕(yùn)婦(fù)、敏感性被被告所知的(de)極度敏感的成年人)

 

Conduct Acted at Third Person

針對第三人的行為

 

When the defendant’s conduct is directed at a third person, and the plaintiff suffers severe emotional distress because of it, the plaintiff must show that they were present when the injury occurred; that the distress resulted in bodily harm or that the plaintiff is a close relative of the third person; and that the defendant knew these facts.

 

當被告的行(háng)為是針對第三(sān)人的,原告因此而遭受嚴重情(qíng)緒困擾的(de),原告需要證明在(zài)傷害發生(shēng)時原告是在場的;這種(zhǒng)困擾導致身體傷害或者原告是第三人的近親屬;並且被告就(jiù)此情況是明知的。

 


我國《民法典》

 

第一千一百八十(shí)三條 

侵害自然人人身權益造成嚴(yán)重精神損害的,被侵權人有權請(qǐng)求精神損(sǔn)害賠償。

因故意或者(zhě)重大過失侵害自然人具有人身意義的特定物造成嚴重精(jīng)神損害的,被侵權人有權請求精神損害賠償。

 

 

 

作者介紹(shào)




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延彬彬律師

現為上(shàng)海律宏律師(shī)事務所合夥人律師(shī),民革(gé)黨員。先後(hòu)被評為民革上海(hǎi)市委三八紅旗手(shǒu)、民革普陀區委先進(jìn)個人,並在第一屆(jiè)上海律師學術大賽中獲“代理詞評選”優(yōu)秀獎(jiǎng),持有證券從業資格證、上海市知識產(chǎn)權工作者(zhě)證等。

執業領域:

不良資產處置,企(qǐ)業法律顧問,各類合同糾紛,勞動人事糾紛,婚姻家庭糾紛的處理,刑(xíng)事案件以及行政案件的處理,醫療器械行(háng)業法律服務,美(měi)國綠卡申請及綠卡爭議解決等。

執(zhí)業理念:

每個人都值得擁有自己的私人律師。

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