律(lǜ)宏長鏡頭 | 美國證據法下糾紛調解的行為語言表達

發布時間:2024-03-05 16:37:19


"請打(dǎ)給我的(de)律師"

 

如果產生糾紛,協商解決是首選。但(dàn)在協商過程中,不同行為語言的表達將(jiāng)會導致截然不同的後(hòu)果。真的是失(shī)之毫厘,謬之千裏。也理解了影視劇中“請打給我(wǒ)的律師”的必要性。一起來看一下這些神奇的規定(dìng)吧!

Q

Case 1:

Personal injury action. Plaintiff fell allegedly due to slippery stairs in defendant’s building. To prove negligence, plaintiff offers evidence that, shortly after the accident, defendant installed a surfacing that makes stairs slip-proof. Can this fact be used to prove defendant’s negligence?

 

原告滑倒後,被告在地麵上鋪設了防滑材料。這個(gè)事(shì)實是否(fǒu)可以用於證明被告之前的過失(shī)?

A

NO.

Subsequent remedial measures made following an injury are not admissible to prove negligence. The purpose of this rule is to encourage the immediate repair of dangerous conditions.

 

不可以(yǐ)。

在傷(shāng)害發生後采取的(de)補救措施不能(néng)用於證(zhèng)明被告的過失。這個規則的目的是(shì)為(wéi)了鼓(gǔ)勵就險情的及(jí)時補救。

Q

Case 2:

Two cars collide. First driver leaps out of his car and, before second driver can speak, first driver says, “it was all my fault. I should never have let my dog drive. Let’s settle.” Is this statement admissible?

 

兩輛車撞了。在B司機什麽(me)都沒有說的情況(kuàng)下,A司機承認了他的(de)過錯。A司機的這個承(chéng)認是否可以作為(wéi)證據準入,證明他的過錯?

A

YES.

Generally, conduct or statements made in the course of negotiating a compromise are not admissible in any case to prove or disprove the validity or amount of a disputed claim. However, there must first be a claim, either as to liability or as to amount.

 

可以。

通常情況下,在(zài)談判過程中的(de)稱述是不能用於證明爭議訴求的有效性或者金額的。但是必須以對方提出主張為前提(tí)。如果對方還沒(méi)有提出任何關於(yú)責任的或金額的主張,你就已經都承認了。本來可以排(pái)除的(de)證據,結(jié)果成為了對(duì)自己不利的證據。所以(yǐ)發生了糾紛,還是先保持(chí)沉默,避免覆水難收。

Q

Case 3:

Plaintiff falls down stairs in defendant’s building. Defendant visits plaintiff in the hospital and says, “I’ll pay your hospital bill. I shouldn’t have dropped that banana peel on the stairs.” Admissible?

 

原告受傷(shāng),被告說我不應該亂扔香蕉皮,我會支付你的住院費的。如何作為證據準入?

A

Evidence that a party has paid or offered to pay an injured person’s medical is inadmissible to prove liability for the injury. However, admission of fact accompanying such payments and offers are admissible.

 

“我會付你住(zhù)院費的”不能用於證明過錯責任。但是伴隨著的“我不應(yīng)該亂(luàn)扔香蕉皮”是可以用於(yú)證明過錯責任的(de)。所以不要亂承諾,你的好意會成為利劍反殺。

 

 

 

看完這些規(guī)定,是(shì)不是已經雲裏(lǐ)霧裏了。雖然隻是冰山一角,但頓時(shí)覺得在發(fā)生民事糾紛後,也同樣需要保持沉(chén)默並打給自己的律師,這才是王道。

 

 

作者介(jiè)紹




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延彬彬律師

現為上海律宏律師事務所(suǒ)合夥(huǒ)人律(lǜ)師,民革黨員。先後被評為民革(gé)上(shàng)海(hǎi)市委三八紅旗手(shǒu)、民革普陀區(qū)委先進個人,並在第一屆上海律師學術大賽中獲“代理詞(cí)評選”優秀獎,持有證券從業資格證、上海(hǎi)市知識產(chǎn)權工作者證等。

執業領域:

不良資產(chǎn)處置,企業法律顧問,各類合同糾紛,勞(láo)動人事糾紛,婚姻家庭糾紛的處理,刑事案(àn)件以及行政案件的處理,醫(yī)療器械行業法(fǎ)律服務(wù)等。

執業理念:

每個人都(dōu)值得擁有自(zì)己的私人律師。

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